• Login
    View Item 
    •   Home
    • Colleges & Programs
    • Medical College of Georgia (MCG)
    • Department of Neurology
    • Department of Neurology: Faculty Research and Presentations
    • View Item
    •   Home
    • Colleges & Programs
    • Medical College of Georgia (MCG)
    • Department of Neurology
    • Department of Neurology: Faculty Research and Presentations
    • View Item
    JavaScript is disabled for your browser. Some features of this site may not work without it.

    Browse

    All of Scholarly CommonsCommunitiesTitleAuthorsIssue DateSubmit DateSubjectsThis CollectionTitleAuthorsIssue DateSubmit DateSubjects

    My Account

    LoginRegister

    About

    AboutCreative CommonsAugusta University LibrariesUSG Copyright Policy

    Statistics

    Display statistics

    The Functional Upregulation of Piriform Cortex Is Associated with Cross-Modal Plasticity in Loss of Whisker Tactile Inputs

    • CSV
    • RefMan
    • EndNote
    • BibTex
    • RefWorks
    Thumbnail
    Name:
    pone.0041986.pdf
    Size:
    972.0Kb
    Format:
    PDF
    Download
    Authors
    Ye, Bing
    Huang, Li
    Gao, Zilong
    Chen, Ping
    Ni, Hong
    Guan, Sudong
    Zhu, Yan
    Wang, Jin-Hui
    Issue Date
    2012-08-21
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10675.2/727
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Abstract
    Background: Cross-modal plasticity is characterized as the hypersensitivity of remaining modalities after a sensory function is lost in rodents, which ensures their awareness to environmental changes. Cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying cross-modal sensory plasticity remain unclear. We aim to study the role of different types of neurons in cross-modal plasticity.
    Methodology/Principal Findings: In addition to behavioral tasks in mice, whole-cell recordings at the excitatory and inhibitory neurons, and their two-photon imaging, were conducted in piriform cortex. We produced a mouse model of cross-modal sensory plasticity that olfactory function was upregulated by trimming whiskers to deprive their sensory inputs. In the meantime of olfactory hypersensitivity, pyramidal neurons and excitatory synapses were functionally upregulated, as well as GABAergic cells and inhibitory synapses were downregulated in piriform cortex from the mice of cross-modal sensory plasticity, compared with controls. A crosswire connection between barrel cortex and piriform cortex was established in cross-modal plasticity.
    Conclusion/Significance: An upregulation of pyramidal neurons and a downregulation of GABAergic neurons strengthen the activities of neuronal networks in piriform cortex, which may be responsible for olfactory hypersensitivity after a loss of whisker tactile input. This finding provides the clues for developing therapeutic strategies to promote sensory recovery and substitution.
    Citation
    PLoS One. 2012 Aug 21; 7(8):e41986
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1371/journal.pone.0041986
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Department of Neurology: Faculty Research and Presentations

    entitlement

    Related articles

    • Upregulation of barrel GABAergic neurons is associated with cross-modal plasticity in olfactory deficit.
    • Authors: Ni H, Huang L, Chen N, Zhang F, Liu D, Ge M, Guan S, Zhu Y, Wang JH
    • Issue date: 2010 Oct 29
    • Upregulation of excitatory neurons and downregulation of inhibitory neurons in barrel cortex are associated with loss of whisker inputs.
    • Authors: Zhang G, Gao Z, Guan S, Zhu Y, Wang JH
    • Issue date: 2013 Jan 3
    • Contribution of supragranular layers to sensory processing and plasticity in adult rat barrel cortex.
    • Authors: Huang W, Armstrong-James M, Rema V, Diamond ME, Ebner FF
    • Issue date: 1998 Dec
    • Neural Coding of Whisker-Mediated Touch in Primary Somatosensory Cortex Is Altered Following Early Blindness.
    • Authors: Ramamurthy DL, Krubitzer LA
    • Issue date: 2018 Jul 4
    • Piriform cortical glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons express coordinated plasticity for whisker-induced odor recall.
    • Authors: Liu Y, Gao Z, Chen C, Wen B, Huang L, Ge R, Zhao S, Fan R, Feng J, Lu W, Wang L, Wang JH
    • Issue date: 2017 Nov 10

    Related items

    Showing items related by title, author, creator and subject.

    • Thumbnail

      What the â Moonwalkâ Illusion Reveals about the Perception of Relative Depth from Motion

      Kromrey, Sarah; Bart, Evgeniy; Hegéd, Jay; Brain & Behavior Discovery Institute; Vision Discovery Institute; Department of Ophthalmology (2011-06-22)
      When one visual object moves behind another, the object farther from the viewer is progressively occluded and/or disoccluded by the nearer object. For nearly half a century, this dynamic occlusion cue has beenthought to be sufficient by itself for determining the relative depth of the two objects. This view is consistent with the self-evident geometric fact that the surface undergoing dynamic occlusion is always farther from the viewer than the occluding surface. Here we use a contextual manipulation ofa previously known motion illusion, which we refer to as theâ Moonwalkâ illusion, to demonstrate that the visual system cannot determine relative depth from dynamic occlusion alone. Indeed, in the Moonwalk illusion, human observers perceive a relative depth contrary to the dynamic occlusion cue. However, the perception of the expected relative depth is restored by contextual manipulations unrelated to dynamic occlusion. On the other hand, we show that an Ideal Observer can determine using dynamic occlusion alone in the same Moonwalk stimuli, indicating that the dynamic occlusion cue is, in principle, sufficient for determining relative depth. Our results indicate that in order to correctly perceive relative depth from dynamic occlusion, the human brain, unlike the Ideal Observer, needs additionalsegmentation information that delineate the occluder from the occluded object. Thus, neural mechanisms of object segmentation must, in addition to motion mechanisms that extract information about relative depth, play a crucial role in the perception of relative depth from motion.
    • Thumbnail

      Different Neuroplasticity for Task Targets and Distractors

      Spingath, Elsie Y.; Kang, Hyun Sug; Plummer, Thane; Blake, David T.; Brain & Behavior Discovery Institute; Graduate Program in Neuroscience; Department of Neurology (2011-01-31)
      Adult learning-induced sensory cortex plasticity results in enhanced action potential rates in neurons that have the most relevant information for the task, or those that respond strongly to one sensory stimulus but weakly to its comparison stimulus. Current theories suggest this plasticity is caused when target stimulus evoked activity is enhanced by reward signals from neuromodulatory nuclei. Prior work has found evidence suggestive of nonselective enhancement of neural responses, and suppression of responses to task distractors, but the differences in these effects between detection and discrimination have not been directly tested. Using cortical implants, we defined physiological responses in macaque somatosensory cortex during serial, matched, detection and discrimination tasks. Nonselective increases in neural responsiveness were observed during detection learning. Suppression of responses to task distractors was observed during discrimination learning, and this suppression was specific to cortical locations that sampled responses to the task distractor before learning. Changes in receptive field size were measured as the area of skin that had a significant response to a constant magnitude stimulus, and these areal changes paralleled changes in responsiveness. From before detection learning until after discrimination learning, the enduring changes were selective suppression of cortical locations responsive to task distractors, and nonselective enhancement of responsiveness at cortical locations selective for target and control skin sites. A comparison of observations in prior studies with the observed plasticity effects suggests that the non-selective response enhancement and selective suppression suffice to explain known plasticity phenomena in simple spatial tasks. This work suggests that differential responsiveness to task targets and distractors in primary sensory cortex for a simple spatial detection and discrimination task arise from nonselective increases in response over a broad cortical locus that includes the representation of the task target, and selective suppression of responses to the task distractor within this locus.
    • Thumbnail

      Fragment-Based Learning of Visual Object Categories in Non-Human Primates

      Kromrey, Sarah; Maestri, Matthew; Hauffen, Karin; Bart, Evgeniy; Hegéd, Jay; Brain & Behavior Discovery Institute; Vision Discovery Institute; Department of Ophthalmology (2010-11-24)
      When we perceive a visual object, we implicitly or explicitly associate it with an object category we know. Recent research has shown that the visual system can use local, informative image fragments of a given object, rather than the whole object, to classify it into a familiar category. We have previously reported, using human psychophysical studies, that when subjects learn new object categories using whole objects, they incidentally learn informative fragments, even when not required to do so. However, the neuronal mechanisms by which we acquire and use informative fragments, as well as category knowledge itself, have remained unclear. Here we describe the methods by which we adapted the relevant human psychophysical methods to awake, behaving monkeys and replicated key previous psychophysical results. This establishes awake, behaving monkeys as a useful system for future neurophysiological studies not only of informative fragments in particular, but also of object categorization and category learning in general.
    DSpace software (copyright © 2002 - 2021)  DuraSpace
    Quick Guide | Contact Us
    Open Repository is a service operated by 
    Atmire NV
     

    Export search results

    The export option will allow you to export the current search results of the entered query to a file. Different formats are available for download. To export the items, click on the button corresponding with the preferred download format.

    By default, clicking on the export buttons will result in a download of the allowed maximum amount of items.

    To select a subset of the search results, click "Selective Export" button and make a selection of the items you want to export. The amount of items that can be exported at once is similarly restricted as the full export.

    After making a selection, click one of the export format buttons. The amount of items that will be exported is indicated in the bubble next to export format.