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    Caspase-14: A novel caspase in the retina with a potential role in diabetic retinopathy

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    Authors
    Al-Shabrawey, Mohamed
    Ahmad, Saif
    Megyerdi, Sylvia
    Othman, Amira
    Baban, Babak
    Palenski, Tammy L.
    Shin, Eui Seok
    Gurel, Zafer
    Hsu, Stephen
    Sheibani, Nader
    Issue Date
    2012-07-14
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10675.2/724
    
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    Abstract
    Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate caspase-14 expression in the retina under normal and diabetic conditions, and to determine whether caspase-14 contributes to retinal microvascular cell death under high glucose conditions.
    Methods: Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis were used to evaluate caspase-14 expression in retinal cells, including pericytes (PCs), endothelial cells (ECs), astrocytes (ACs), choroidal ECs, and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells. We also determined caspase-14 expression in the retinas of human subjects with or without diabetic retinopathy (DR) and in experimental diabetic mice. Retinal ECs and PCs were infected with adenoviruses expressing human caspase-14 or green fluorescent protein. Caspase-14 expression was also assessed in retinal vascular cells cultured under high glucose conditions. The number of apoptotic cells was determined with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling staining and confirmed by determining the levels of cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 and caspase-3.
    Results: Our experiments demonstrated that retinal ECs, PCs, ACs, choroidal ECs, and RPE cells expressed caspase-14, and DR was associated with upregulation and/or activation of caspase-14 particularly in retinal vasculature. High glucose induced marked elevation of the caspase-14 level in retinal vascular cells. There was a significant increase in the apoptosis rate and the levels of cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 and caspase-3 in retinal ECs and PCs overexpressing caspase-14.
    Conclusions: Our findings indicate that caspase-14 might play a significant role in the pathogenesis of DR by accelerating retinal PC and EC death. Further investigations are required to elaborate the underlying mechanisms.
    Citation
    Mol Vis. 2012 Jul 14; 18:1895-1906
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    Department of Oral Biology & Diagnostic Sciences: Faculty Research and Publications

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