jGPHA Volume 5, Number 3 (2016)
http://hdl.handle.net/10675.2/608728
2024-03-29T06:25:28ZGender disparities in weight gain among offenders who are obese upon entering correctional facilities
http://hdl.handle.net/10675.2/621407
Gender disparities in weight gain among offenders who are obese upon entering correctional facilities
Gates, Madison, L.; Webb, Nancy C.; Stone, Rebecca; Ballance, Darra; Yoo, Wonsuk
Background: Obesity is a significant health issue for offenders, who have a higher prevalence of obesity-related conditions, such as diabetes, compared to non-incarcerated populations. Within incarcerated populations, there are obesity disparities in terms of race, gender, and age, as well as excess weight gain during incarceration. Methods: This longitudinal study was conducted for 2005 – 2010 in collaboration with a Department of Corrections in the east south central region of the United States. From electronic health records of 10,841 offenders, weight, height, and demographic data were extracted. As determined from these data, 2,622 offenders met the inclusion criteria (two or more valid weight and height measurements and length of incarceration > zero). Results: Women offenders who entered corrections as obese had a mean (and standard deviation) body mass index (BMI) of 36.2 (5.3) at baseline; the mean for men was 34.2 (4.4). For women who were obese at baseline, their BMI increased by 1.0 (3.3); for men their BMI decreased by 0.7 (3.1). Gender differences for changes in BMI among the obese population were significant (χ2 = 15.8, p < 0.001). Women and men also differed in regard to weight gain (χ2 = 34.0, p < 0.001). Further, those women and men who were not obese at baseline had an increase in BMI that was greater than the increase for the group that entered corrections as obese (p > 0.001). Conclusions: Women offenders, obese or not at baseline, had greater gains in weight in comparison to men. However, there were no significant differences in BMI changes for race or correlations with age or length of incarceration. The findings related to gender warrant further investigations to explain these disparities and to evaluate the capacity of the corrections system to meet the health needs of women.
2016-01-01T00:00:00ZThe need for culturally-tailored smartphone applications for weight control.
http://hdl.handle.net/10675.2/621402
The need for culturally-tailored smartphone applications for weight control.
Coughlin, Steven S.; Hardy, Dale; Caplan, Lee S.
Approximately 35% of U.S. adults are obese, and this rate is expected to increase by almost 50% by 2030. New media such as smartphone applications (apps) provide a useful and low-cost way to disseminate weight control information. For many culturally distinctive population subgroups, however, there is currently an absence of research-tested smartphone apps for weight control.
2016-01-01T00:00:00ZA review of community-based participatory research studies to promote physical activity among African Americans.
http://hdl.handle.net/10675.2/621400
A review of community-based participatory research studies to promote physical activity among African Americans.
Coughlin, Steven S; Smith, Selina A
As part of the planning process for new research, the literature on community-based participatory research (CBPR) approaches for promoting physical activity in African American communities was systematically reviewed.
2016-01-01T00:00:00ZContext matters: A community-based study of urban minority parents' views on child health.
http://hdl.handle.net/10675.2/621399
Context matters: A community-based study of urban minority parents' views on child health.
Bolar, Cassandra L; Hernandez, Natalie; Akintobi, Tabia Henry; McAllister, Calvin; Ferguson, Aneeqah S; Rollins, Latrice; Wrenn, Glenda; Okafor, Martha; Collins, David; Clem, Thomas
Among children, there are substantial ethno-racial minority disparities across a broad range of health-related behaviors, experiences, and outcomes. Addressing these disparities is important, as childhood and adolescence establish health trajectories that extend throughout life.
2016-01-01T00:00:00Z